M. Hedrén (2006) Barleria 3: 427-442

Plantsspiny shrubs 10-60(200) cm tall, moderately to fairly heavily branched; stems green when young, almost glabrous to sparsely pubescent with spreading hairs 0.2-0.3 mm long Band appressed bidi hairs up to 0,7 mm long at the nodes. Leaves instinctly petiolatem petioles 1-3 mm long; blades narrowly obovate to ovate, 13-60 mm long, 6.5-27 mm wide, almost glabrous to fairly densely pubescent with 0.5-0.8 mm long appressed hairs, these mostly over the veins and at the margins, bases cuneate, tips mucronate, spinose, spines 1-1.5 mm long; axillary spines 4 per leaf axil, 9-15(-25) mm long on 1-1.5(-4) mm long common stalks. Inforescences terminal land spikelike, composed of contracted upper nodes with axillary, solitary flowers; bracts oblanceolate to lanceolate, leaflike, 15-22 mm long, 6-8 mm with lower surfaces often with dark glands near the base, tips; mucronate, bracteoles almost without blades, narrowly lanceolate, transformed into spines 11-17 mm long. Calyces green or whitish green, glabrous or with some short glandular hairs, outer lobes similar, narrowly ovate-mucronate, 11-17 mm long, with spinose tips; corollas cream yellow to orange yellow, sometimes throata dark lilac, tubes 20-37 mm long, 1 lobe united for 12-25 mm and the other 4 united for 12-25 mm into a narrow tube. Capsules with 2 seeds, 12-14.5 mm long, tapering into a long beak, glabrous to finely pubescent, 

Barleria proxima grows in deciduous woodland and bushland, thickets, and open plains on limestone, sand, or silty soil at 100-1380 m. It is knwon from all regions of the Flora of Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, northern Keny and the Arabian Peninsular. Plants from Somaliland and northern Puntland seem to lack dark glans on the lower sides of the baracts and have somewhat smaller flowers and leaves but otherwise agree with plants from Southern Somalia. Some northern plants also tend to be low and cushion-forming. Some plants from regions N2 (Somaliland ) and N3 (northern Puntland) of the Flora of Somalia have obtuse, woolly-hairy calyx lobes. Further study may show them to be a distinct species but further stud of variation patterns in Barleria proxima is required before this can be determined. 

Awale & Jama (2018). Hordhaca dhirta badhtamaha Soomaalilaand.

Geed gaab yar oo illaa 25 cm ah; oo leh qodxo dameeri ah oo soo taagan. Caleemo isasoo eegaya, sida ugxanta ah, oo cagaar khafiifa ah, hareerahana ka buuxa. Ubax huruud dhalaalaya ah oo leh Afar laace oo ka sarreeya faxalsidaha taagan iyo mid yar oo ka hooseeya. Midho gal ku jira oo leh af fiiqan.

Sabada: Kayn dhagax ku badan yahay iyo waddada hareeraheeda, joog ah illaa 1400 m.

Filiqsanaanta: Bariga Afrika illaa Koonfurta Carabaha