Plants acaulescent or with stems to 50 cm long, forming small to large dense groups. Leaves about 16, 50-60 cm long, about 12 cm wide, uniformly olive-green or, very occasionally, with a few white spots; margins very narrowly cartilaginous, with white teeth; teeth 0.5-1 mm long, 2-8 mm apart, becoming smaller to absent distally. Inflorescences to 180 cm tall, with many spreading branches, branches racemose but flatly capitate, broader than long; bracts about 33 mm long, 1,5 mm wide; pedicels about 5 mm long. Flowers yellow, more or less horizontal; perianth 16-20 mm long, about 5 mm wide across the ovary, outer tepals from for 6-8 mm; anthers exserted 2-3 mm; ovary about 4 mm long, 2 mm wide; stigma exserted 3-4 mm.
Aloe ruspoliana grows in dry woodland and bushland, mainly on sand, at elevations of up to at least 300 m. It is known from regions C1, C2, S1-S3 as used in the Flora of Somalia. the Ogaden of Ethiopia, and Kenya.