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Family: Poaceae
[Agropyron tsukushiense (Honda) Ohwi, moreCampeiostachys kamoji (Ohwi) B.R.Baum, J.L.Yang & C.Yen, Campeiostachys kamoji var. kamoji (Ohwi) B.R.Baum, J.L.Yang & C.Yen, Campeiostachys kamoji var. macerrima (Keng) B.R.Baum, J.L.Yang & C.Yen, Campeiostachys kamoji var. pilosophylla J.L.Yang, B.R.Baum & C.Yen, Clinelymus tsukushiensis (Honda) Honda, Elymus tsukushiensis Honda, Roegneria kamoji (Ohwi) Keng & S.L.Chen, Roegneria tsukushiensis (Honda) Ohwi] |
Mary E. Barkworth, Julian J.N. Campbell and Bjorn Salomon Plants loosely cespitose, without conspicuous rhizomes. Culms 25–100 cm tall, 1.3–3.5 mm thick, erect; nodes 4–6, glabrous. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths glaucous, glabrous or with hairs, margins glabrous or ciliate distally; auricles 1–2 mm; ligules 0.2–0.7 mm, truncate; blades 3–10 mm wide, flattish, often glaucous. Spikes (6.5)10–25 cm long, 1.4–4 cm wide including the awns, 0.7–20 cm wide excluding the awns, flexuous, nodding; rachises densely to sparsely hirsute on the edges, with about 0.2 mm hairs, glabrous elsewhere, glaucous; internodes (5)8–20 mm. Spikelets 15–25 mm, loosely appressed or ascending, with 5–10 florets; rachillas hairy, hairs about 0.1 mm; disarticulation above the glumes, beneath the florets. Glumes lanceolate, tapering from about midlength, adaxial surfaces glabrous, hyaline margins about 0.1 mm wide, strongly keeled distally, midvein scabrous distally, other veins smooth or scabrous, apices acute to acuminate, sometimes awned, awns 2–5 mm; lower glumes 4–7 mm, 3–5-veined; upper glumes 5–8 mm, 5-veined; calluses glabrous; lemmas 8–12 mm, lanceolate, glabrous or pilose, apices acute, awned, awns 20–40 mm, straight or flexuous; paleas from slightly shorter to longer than the lemmas, keels narrowly winged distally, not or scarcely extending beyond the intercostal region, distinctly outwardly curved below the apices, apices 0.3–0.5 mm wide; anthers 1.5–2.5 mm. 2n = 42. Genome StYH. Capeiostachys tsuskushiensis (often called Elymus tsukushiensis) is native to northeastern China , Japan , and Korea . It was collected from ballast dumps in Portland, Oregon in the early 1900s. In 2020, a well-established population was discovered elsewhere in the US (details pending publication of a paper). Hitchcock (1951) identified it and Roegneria ciliaris as Agropyron caninum (L.) P. Beauv. [≡ Elymus caninus ], but that species has flatter glumes that are longer in relation to the lemmas than those of C. tsuskushiensis, and paleas with straight or slightly outwardly curved keels. Roegernia ciliaris differs from Campeiostachys tsukushiensis in its lemmas, which have coarsely hairy margins, and its paleas, which are unwinged with coarsely antrosely scabrous keels. Baum et al. (2011; abstract), published a synopsis of Campeiostachys in which they treated Campeiostachys kamoji and Campeiostachys tsukushiensis as distinct taxa. They provide a key to the species in which the two separate based on the number of spikelets per node. Campeiostachys kamoji being included in the group of species with only 1 spikelet at all nodes and Campeiostachys tsukushiensis with those having 2-4 spikelets at least at the middle nodes. Their articles does not include descriptions or illustrations. Campeiostachys tsukushiensis was the first of these these two taxa to be described, as Elymus tsukushiensis. Campeiostachys kamoji was first described, as Agropyron kamoji, by Ohwi in 1942. The type specimen in US has only one spikelet at each of the central nodes. I have requested a copy of the publication. He had previously (Ohwi 1937) transferred Elymus tsukushiensis to Agropyron. |